目前，医院之间的医疗设备、医疗技术差距正在缩小，而以疗效为核心的医疗质量差距逐渐成为全社会关注的焦点，也是当前医疗供给侧改革的重点之一。开展肾移植质量控制的目的是缩小各中心医疗质量差距，全面提升肾移植质量。在初步建立我国肾移植数据库之后，除原有的医学指标评估外，借鉴美国经验，在肾移植质量控制工作中开展前瞻性的质量提升计划，其核心是准确性、前瞻性、包含多种临床结局的临床数据库，将肾移植带入信息化、大数据、多中心合作的时代，为移植受者提供更高质量的医疗服务，实现从医学质量评价(控制)到医疗质量提升的良性循环，不断推进我国肾移植事业的发展。

The disparity of medical equipment and technology among different hospitals is shrinking at present, and the disparity of medical quality centered on therapeutic effect have gradually become the focus of concern of the whole society as well as the major point of current supply-side reform of medical services. The purpose of quality control of kidney transplantation is to narrow the medical quality gap among different kidney transplantation centers and improve the quality of kidney transplantation comprehensively. After the initial establishment of China's kidney transplantation database, the next work is to draw on the experience of of the United States, including prospective quality improvement plan implementation in quality control of kidney transplantation, and the core content of it is to build clinical database which is accurate, prospective and clinical outcome rich. The above clinical database can bring kidney transplantation into informational, big data and multi-center cooperation era, and can provide kidney transplant recipients with more high quality medical services, and help to achieve a virtuous cycle from medical quality evaluation to medical quality improvement, and the final aim is to promote the development of kidney transplantation in China.