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中华移植杂志(电子版) ›› 2024, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (06) : 403 -408. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-3903.2024.06.009

论著

亲属活体肝移植儿童受者照护者出院准备及影响因素分析
王燕橙1, 王艳1,2, 王贝贝1,2,(), 陆晔峰1,2, 黄明珠1,2   
  1. 1.200127 上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院护理部
    2.200127 上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院肝脏外科
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-10 出版日期:2024-12-25
  • 通信作者: 王贝贝
  • 基金资助:
    上海交通大学医学院护理学科建设项目(SJTUHLXK2024)上海交通大学文科青年人才培育计划项目(2024QN018)2023 年度上海交通大学医学院护理科研重中之重项目(Jyhz2302)

Discharge readiness among caregivers of pediatric recipients after living related liver transplantation and its influencing factors

Yancheng Wang1, Yan Wang1,2, Beibei Wang1,2,(), Yefeng Lu1,2, Mingzhu Huang1,2   

  1. 1.Department of Nursing, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
    2.Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
  • Received:2024-10-10 Published:2024-12-25
  • Corresponding author: Beibei Wang
引用本文:

王燕橙, 王艳, 王贝贝, 陆晔峰, 黄明珠. 亲属活体肝移植儿童受者照护者出院准备及影响因素分析[J/OL]. 中华移植杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(06): 403-408.

Yancheng Wang, Yan Wang, Beibei Wang, Yefeng Lu, Mingzhu Huang. Discharge readiness among caregivers of pediatric recipients after living related liver transplantation and its influencing factors[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Transplantation(Electronic Edition), 2024, 18(06): 403-408.

目的

探究亲属活体肝移植(LRLT)术后儿童受者照护者出院准备现况并分析其影响因素,为临床制订个性化出院准备服务提供参考。

方法

使用一般资料调查表、中文版出院准备量表(RHDS)—父母版(以下简称RHDS)和中文版出院指导质量量表(QDTS)—父母版(以下简称QDTS)对2023 年9 月至2024 年2 月在上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院肝脏外科行LRLT 的172 例儿童受者照护者进行问卷调查。 采用Pearson 相关分析评估出院准备水平与出院指导质量之间的相关性;组间比较采用t 检验和单因素方差分析;多元逐步线性回归用于分析LRLT 术后患儿照护者出院准备度的影响因素。 P <0.05 为差异有统计学意义。

结果

最终回收有效问卷161 份,有效回收率为93.6%。 133 例(82.6%)LRLT 儿童受者照护者认为自身已做好出院准备,余28 例(17.4%)表示未做好准备。 161 例LRLT 儿童受者照护者RHDS 和QDTS总得分分别为(227.5±20.3)和(143.4±16.7)分,总条目均分分别为(7.8±0.7)和(8.0±0.9)分。术后住院时间≤16 d LRLT 儿童受者照护者RHDS 得分[(241.6 ±6.8)分]高于术后住院天数>16 d 照护者[(212.1 ±19.0)分],差异有统计学意义(t =12.901,P <0.05)。 已婚家庭照护者RHDS 总得分[(228.0 ±19.9)分]高于离异者[(187.0 ±2.8)分],差异有统计学意义(t=2.90,P<0.05)。 家庭月收入不同的照护者RHDS 总得分差异有统计学意义(F =4.974,P<0.05)。QDTS 总得分及其各维度得分均与RHDS 总得分及其各维度得分呈正相关(P 均<0.05)。 QDTS总得分、术后住院天数、家庭月收入、婚姻状况均为LRLT 术后儿童受者照护者出院准备水平的独立危险因素(P 均<0.05)。

结论

LRLT 术后儿童受者照护者出院准备度为中等水平。 医护人员应重视出院指导质量低、术后住院天数长、家庭月收入低、婚姻离异的儿童受者照护者,针对性予出院指导干预,以提升其出院准备度水平。

Objective

To explore the current state of discharge readiness among caregivers of pediatric recipients following living related liver transplantation (LRLT) and to identify the influencing factors, thereby offering a reference for developing personalized discharge readiness services in clinical practice.

Methods

From September 2023 to February 2024, questionnaires were administered to 172 caregivers of pediatric LRLT recipients at the Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine.Data were collected using a general demographic questionnaire,the Chinese version of the Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale-Parent Form (hereinafter RHDS),and the Chinese version of the Quality of Discharge Teaching Scale-Parent Form (hereinafter QDTS).Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between discharge readiness and the quality of discharge teaching.Group comparisons were conducted with t-tests and one-way analysis of variance.Multiple stepwise linear regression was performed to identify the factors affecting discharge readiness among caregivers after LRLT.A P-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

A total of 161 valid questionnaires were returned, with an effective response rate of 93.6%.Among the 161 caregivers, 133(82.6%) believed that they were well-prepared for discharge, while 28(17.4%) felt unprepared.The total scores for the RHDS and QDTS in the 161 caregivers were(227.5±20.3) and (143.4±16.7), respectively, with corresponding average item scores of (7.8±0.7)and (8.0 ± 0.9).The RHDS scores for caregivers whose pediatric recipients had a postoperative hospitalization duration ≤16 d were (241.6 ±6.8), which were significantly higher than that for those with a hospitalization duration >16 d (212.1 ±19.0), with a statistically significant difference (t =12.901, P<0.05).Caregivers in married families had a higher RHDS total scores (228.0 ±19.9)compared to those in divorced families (187.0 ±2.8), with a statistically significant difference (t =2.902, P<0.05).There was a significant difference in RHDS total scores among caregivers with different monthly household incomes (F =4.974, P <0.05).The total scores of QDTS and its subdimension scores were positively correlated with the RHDS total scores and its sub-dimension scores (all P<0.05).Discharge guidance quality, postoperative hospitalization duration, family monthly income,and marital status were independent risk factors for discharge readiness among LRLT pediatric recipients′caregivers (all P <0.05).

Conclusions

The discharge readiness of caregivers of pediatric recipients after LRLT is at a moderate level.Healthcare providers should pay attention to caregivers with low discharge guidance quality, long postoperative hospitalization, low family income, and divorced marital status, and provide targeted discharge guidance interventions to improve their discharge readiness.

表1 161 例LRLT 儿童受者照护者RHDS 得分情况(分,±s)
表2 不同人口学特征的LRLT 儿童受者照护者RHDS 总得分比较(n=161)
表3 161 例LRLT 儿童受者照护者QDTS 得分情况(分,±s)
表4 LRLT 儿童受者照护者RHDS 与QDTS 得分的相关性分析(r 值)
表5 161 例LRLT 术后儿童受者照护者出院准备水平多元逐步线性回归分析的自变量赋值情况
表6 161 例LRLT 术后儿童受者照护者出院准备水平多元逐步线性回归分析
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