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中华移植杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (04) : 273 -279. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-3903.2026.04.009

论著

嵌合率在单倍体相合造血干细胞移植治疗骨髓增生异常综合征中的分层应用
史月1, 李宗富1, 高峰2, 韩耕涛1, 李娇1, 姚晶晶2, 冯术青2,†()   
  1. 1063000 唐山,唐山职业技术学院医学系
    2063000 唐山,华北理工大学附属医院血液病科
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-11 出版日期:2026-08-25
  • 通信作者: 冯术青
  • 基金资助:
    河北省医学科学研究课题计划(20221541)

Layered application of chimerism rate in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome

Yue Shi1, Zongfu Li1, Feng Gao2, Gengtao Han1, Jiao Li1, Jingjing Yao2, Shuqing Feng2,†()   

  1. 1Department of Medicine, Tangshan Vocational & Technical College, Tangshan 063000, China
    2Department of Hematology Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan 063000, China
  • Received:2026-01-11 Published:2026-08-25
  • Corresponding author: Shuqing Feng
引用本文:

史月, 李宗富, 高峰, 韩耕涛, 李娇, 姚晶晶, 冯术青. 嵌合率在单倍体相合造血干细胞移植治疗骨髓增生异常综合征中的分层应用[J/OL]. 中华移植杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(04): 273-279.

Yue Shi, Zongfu Li, Feng Gao, Gengtao Han, Jiao Li, Jingjing Yao, Shuqing Feng. Layered application of chimerism rate in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Transplantation(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(04): 273-279.

目的

动态观察全血嵌合率在单倍体相合造血干细胞移植(haplo-HSCT)治疗骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)中的应用价值。

方法

选取2012年1月至2024年1月在华北理工大学附属医院血液科接受haplo-HSCT治疗的43例患者,完全嵌合组33例(高危组14例、低危组19例),混合嵌合组10例(高危组4例、低危组6例),比较各组间总生存(OS)率、无事件生存(EFS)率、累积复发率(CIR)、非复发死亡(NRM)率的差异。采用Kaplan-Meier法计算OS率和EFS率,生存率标准误计算采用Greenwood法,组间比较采用log-rank检验。采用竞争风险模型计算CIR与NRM率,组间比较采用Fine-Gray检验。采用Cox比例风险回归模型分析OS的影响因素。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。

结果

随访至2024年12月,haplo-HSCT治疗后中位随访时间为34(6~78)个月,完全嵌合组OS率和EFS率[69.7%(95%CI:52.2%~82.8%)和57.6%(95%CI:40.9%~72.6%)]均高于混合嵌合组[40.0%(95%CI:16.8%~61.7%)和30.0%(95%CI:10.8%~50.3%)],差异均有统计学意义(χ2=4.258和4.058,P均<0.05);两组CIR和NRM率差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。高危完全嵌合组OS率和EFS率[64.3%(95%CI:38.8%~83.7%)和50.0%(95%CI:26.8%~73.2%)]均高于高危混合嵌合组[0(95%CI:0~49%)和0(95%CI:0~38.7%)],差异均有统计学意义(χ2=6.187和6.187,P均<0.05)。低危完全嵌合组OS率、EFS率、CIR以及NRM率与低危混合嵌合组差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。多因素Cox比例风险回归分析显示,移植后复发(HR=5.85,95%CI:1.98~17.20)、高危MDS(HR=4.71,95%CI:1.45~15.30)及混合嵌合状态(HR=3.32,95%CI:1.12~11.15)是影响MDS患者预后的独立危险因素。

结论

嵌合率的动态检测结合危险分层,有助于早期识别高危复发人群,对MDS患者haplo-HSCT术后个体化治疗有一定指导意义。

Objective

The application value of dynamically observing the chimerism rate in whole blood in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT).

Methods

A retrospective case analysis was conducted on 43 patients who received haplo-HSCT treatment in the Hematology Department of North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital from January 2012 to January 2024. These patients were divided into a complete chimerism group of 33 patients (14 in the high-risk group and 19 in the low-risk group) and a mixed chimerism group of 10 patients (4 in the high-risk group and 6 in the low-risk group). The differences in overall survival (OS) rate, event-free survival (EFS) rate, cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR), and non-relapse mortality (NRM) rate were compared between the groups.

Results

Follow-up was conducted until December 2024, with a median follow-up time of 34 (6-78) months after haplo-HSCT. The OS rate and EFS rate in the complete chimerism group [69.7% (95%CI: 52.2%-82.8%) and 57.6% (95%CI: 40.9%-72.6%), respectively] were higher than those in the mixed chimerism group [40.0% (95%CI: 16.8%-61.7%) and 30.0% (95%CI: 10.8%-50.3%), respectively], with statistically significant differences (χ2=4.258, 4.058, both P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in CIR and NRM rates between the two groups (both P>0.05). The OS and EFS rates in the high-risk complete chimerism group [64.3% (95%CI: 38.8%-83.7%) and 50.0% (95%CI: 26.8%-73.2%)] were higher than those in the high-risk mixed chimerism group [0 (95%CI: 0-49%) and 0 (95%CI: 0-38.7%)], with statistically significant differences (χ2=6.187, 6.187, both P<0.05). However, there were no significant differences in OS rate, EFS rate, CIR, and NRM rate between the low-risk complete chimerism group and the mixed chimerism group (both P>0.05). Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that post-transplantation relapse (HR=5.85, 95%CI: 1.98-17.20), high-risk MDS (HR=4.71, 95%CI: 1.45-15.30), and mixed chimerism status (HR=3.32, 95%CI: 1.12-11.15) were independent risk factors affecting overall survival in MDS patients.

Conclusions

The dynamic detection of chimerism rate, combined with risk stratification, aids in the early identification of high-risk relapsed populations, and provides certain guidance for stratified individualized treatment in MDS patients after haplo-HSCT.

表1 MDS行haplo-HSCT后完全嵌合组和混合嵌合组患者临床资料比较
表2 haplo-HSCT治疗不同分层分组MDS患者造血重建和并发症发生情况比较
图1 不同分层分组MDS患者haplo-HSCT治疗后生存曲线注:MDS.骨髓增生异常综合征;haplo-HSCT.单倍体相合造血干细胞移植;OS.总生存;EFS.无事件生存
表3 MDS患者预后影响因素的Cox比例风险回归分析
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