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中华移植杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (03) : 170 -174. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-3903.2025.03.009

论著

肾移植受者免疫抑制剂服药依从性与衰弱和电子健康素养的相关性研究
徐菁1, 贺田2, 沈晓佳1, 汪淑敏1, 吴林燕1, 沈鸣雁1,(), 寿张飞1   
  1. 1310022 杭州,浙江树人学院树兰国际医学院附属树兰(杭州)医院肾脏病科
    2310053 杭州,浙江中医药大学研究生院
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-20 出版日期:2025-06-25
  • 通信作者: 沈鸣雁

Relationship between the medication adherence with frailty and ehealth literacy in kidney transplant recipients

Jing Xu1, Tian He2, Xiaojia Shen1, Shumin Wang1, Linyan Wu1, Mingyan Shen1,(), Zhangfei Shou1   

  1. 1Department of Nephrology, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310022, China
    2Graduate School of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
  • Received:2024-11-20 Published:2025-06-25
  • Corresponding author: Mingyan Shen
引用本文:

徐菁, 贺田, 沈晓佳, 汪淑敏, 吴林燕, 沈鸣雁, 寿张飞. 肾移植受者免疫抑制剂服药依从性与衰弱和电子健康素养的相关性研究[J/OL]. 中华移植杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(03): 170-174.

Jing Xu, Tian He, Xiaojia Shen, Shumin Wang, Linyan Wu, Mingyan Shen, Zhangfei Shou. Relationship between the medication adherence with frailty and ehealth literacy in kidney transplant recipients[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Transplantation(Electronic Edition), 2025, 19(03): 170-174.

目的

探究肾移植受者免疫抑制剂服药依从性现状及其影响因素,为提高受者免疫抑制剂服药依从性提供参考。

方法

采用便利抽样法选择2024年1月至6月于浙江树人学院树兰国际医学院附属树兰(杭州)医院就诊的244例肾移植受者作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、Basel服药依从性量表(BAASIS)、FRAIL衰弱量表及电子健康素养量表(eHEALS)进行问卷调查,通过纸质问卷与电子问卷2种方式收集资料。符合正态分布计量资料组间比较采用独立样本t检验或单因素方差分析;采用Pearson相关分析和多元线性回归分析肾移植受者免疫抑制剂服药依从性、衰弱状态和电子健康素养间的关系以及免疫抑制剂服药依从性影响因素。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。

结果

问卷有效回收率为99.2%(242/244),242例肾移植受者BAASIS量表平均总得分为(4.56±1.10)分,其中161例(66.5%)免疫抑制剂服药依从性良好,81例(33.47%)至少在某一方面不遵循医嘱服药,服药依从性差;FRAIL衰弱量表中位总得分为0(0~1)分,eHEALS平均得分为(19.64±5.91)分。不同年龄、婚姻状况及移植术后时间受者免疫抑制剂服药依从性BAASIS得分差异均有统计学意义(t=3.925、4.358和5.855,P均<0.05)。肾移植受者免疫抑制剂服药依从性与衰弱呈正相关(r=0.182,P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果示,衰弱是影响肾移植受者免疫抑制剂服药依从性的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。

结论

肾移植受者免疫抑制剂服药依从性不容乐观,衰弱是影响受者依从性的危险因素。

Objective

To investigate the current status of immunosuppressive medication adherence and its influencing factors among kidney transplant recipients, and to provide evidence for improving their medication adherence.

Methods

A convenience sampling method was used to recruit 244 kidney transplant recipients who visited Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University between January 2024 and June 2024. Data were collected through both paper-based and electronic questionnaires, including a general information survey, the basel assessment of adherence to immunosuppressive medication scale (BAASIS), fatigue resistance ambulation illnesses and loss of weight (FRAIL) scale and the ehealth literacy scale (eHEALS). For normally distributed continuous data, intergroup comparisons were performed using independent samples t-test or one-way analysis of variance. Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression were performed to examine the relationship among immunosuppressive medication adherence, frailty, and ehealth literacy, as well as to identify factors influencing immunosuppressive medication adherence. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

The valid response rate was 99.2% (242/244). The mean total BAASIS scores were (4.56±1.10), with 161 recipients (66.5%) demonstrating good adherence to immunosuppressive medication, while 81 (33.47%) exhibited suboptimal adherence in at least one aspect. The median FRAIL score was 0 (0-1), and the mean eHEALS scores were (19.64±5.91). Significant differences in immunosuppressive medication adherence of BAASIS scores were observed across age groups, marital status, and time since transplantation (t=3.925, 4.358 and 5.855, all P<0.05). Immunosuppressive medication adherence was positively correlated with frailty (r=0.182, P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis identified that the frailty as a risk factor for poor immunosuppressive medication adherence (P<0.05).

Conclusion

Immunosuppressive medication adherence among kidney transplant recipients remains suboptimal, with frailty being a significant risk factor.

表1 242例肾移植受者免疫抑制剂服药依从性Basel评估量表调查结果
表2 肾移植受者免疫抑制剂服药依从性得分影响因素单因素分析
表3 肾移植受者免疫抑制剂服药依从性影响因素的多元线性回归分析
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