The disparity of medical equipment and technology among different hospitals is shrinking at present, and the disparity of medical quality centered on therapeutic effect have gradually become the focus of concern of the whole society as well as the major point of current supply-side reform of medical services. The purpose of quality control of kidney transplantation is to narrow the medical quality gap among different kidney transplantation centers and improve the quality of kidney transplantation comprehensively. After the initial establishment of China's kidney transplantation database, the next work is to draw on the experience of of the United States, including prospective quality improvement plan implementation in quality control of kidney transplantation, and the core content of it is to build clinical database which is accurate, prospective and clinical outcome rich. The above clinical database can bring kidney transplantation into informational, big data and multi-center cooperation era, and can provide kidney transplant recipients with more high quality medical services, and help to achieve a virtuous cycle from medical quality evaluation to medical quality improvement, and the final aim is to promote the development of kidney transplantation in China.