Organ transplantation is the most effective treatment for organ failure occurred in the 20th century, saving more than 120 000 organ failure patients worldwide every year. However, the global organ shortage, which does not match the development of organ transplantation and adjuvant drugs, restricts the development of organ transplantation. Since 2015, China reached the second largest country in terms of the absolute number of organ transplantation worldwide. In 2017, the number of organ donation after citizens′ death exceeded 5 000 cases, accounting for more than 15% of the total global donation. The "Chinese model" of organ donation and transplantation summarized by professor Huang Jiefu has been highly valued and fully affirmed by the World Health Organization and the international transplant community. By analyzing the global data of organ donation and transplantation, this paper describes the current global situation and developing trend for further exploring the influencing factors of organ donation and transplantation in China, and putting forward corresponding countermeasures in order to achieve self-sufficiency of organ donation for transplantation in China.