Imaging appearance of biliary complications after liver transplantation

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-3903.2021.03.012

Abstract

Abstract:

Biliary complications are the most common complications after liver transplantation, mainly include bile leakage, biliary strictures, biliary sludge and biliary calculi. Imaging examination plays an important role in diagnosis and differential diagnosis, but different modalities vary in advantages and disadvantages. This article aims to review the etiology, clinical manifestations and imaging appearance of biliary complications, especially focus on its ultrasound appearance to raise awareness of common biliary complications after liver transplantation.

Key words: Liver transplantation, Biliary complications, Ultrasound, Contrast-enhanced Ultrasonography, Bile leakage, Biliary strictures, Biliary calculi

Xiaodong Wu, Song Liu, Jianhong Wang. Imaging appearance of biliary complications after liver transplantation[J]. Chinese Journal of Transplantation(Electronic Edition), 2021, 15(03): 178-182.

/ / Recommend

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: https://zhyzzz.cma-cmc.com.cn/EN/10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-3903.2021.03.012

https://zhyzzz.cma-cmc.com.cn/EN/Y2021/V15/I03/178

References 40

1	Comandatore A, Palmeri M, Fatucchi LM, et al. Contrast enhanced ultrasound in detecting biliary complications after ABO-incompatible liver transplantation[J]. Prog Transplant, 2021, 31(3): 283-284.
2	Seo C, Choi HJ, Park SE, et al. The effect of intraductal transanastomotic stent in reducing biliary complication after duct-to-duct biliary reconstruction in living donor liver transplantation: Single center experience[J]. Ann Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg, 2021, 25(Suppl 1): S277.
3	Kim MS, Hong SKyun. Efficacy and superiority between endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage as first line intervention of biliary complication after liver transplantation[J]. Ann Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg, 2021, 25(Suppl 1): S184.
4	Berchtold V, Messner F, Weissenbacher A, et al. Influence of early biliary complications on survival rates after pediatric liver transplantation-A positive outlook[J]. Pediatr Transplant, 2021. (Epub ahead of print)
5	Lee AY, Lehrman ED, Perito ER, et al. Non-operative management of biliary complications after liver transplantation in pediatric patients: A 30-year experience[J]. Pediatr Transplant, 2021, 25(6): e14028.
6	王政禄，张淑英，朱丛中，等. 肝移植术后胆道并发症的临床及病理分析[J]. 中华肝脏病杂志，2006, 14(4): 247-249.
7	杨扬，王金锐，郑荣琴，等. 中国大陆地区肝移植后缺血性胆道病变诊断及治疗专家共识[J]. 器官移植，2015, 6(1): 1-5.
8	Hüsing A, Cicinnati VR, Beckebaum S, et al. Endoscopic ultrasound: valuable tool for diagnosis of biliary complications in liver transplant recipients？[J]. Surg Endosc, 2015, 29(6): 1433-1438.
9	Camacho JC, Coursey-Moreno C, Telleria JC, et al. Nonvascular post-liver transplantation complications: from US screening to cross-sectional and interventional imaging[J]. Radiographics, 2015, 35(1): 87-104.
10	Glowka TR, Karlstetter C, Weismüller TJ, et al. Intensified endoscopic evaluation for biliary complications after orthotopic liver transplantation[J]. Ann Transplant, 2021, 26: e928907.
11	范俊儿，朱贤胜，王莎莎，等. 声脉冲辐射力弹性成像在移植肝术后早期恢复过程中的评估价值[J]. 器官移植，2017, 8(2): 161-164.
12	Yoshida M, Utsunomiya D, Kidoh M, et al. CT evaluation of living liver donor: Can 100-kVp plus iterative reconstruction protocol provide accurate liver volume and vascular anatomy for liver transplantation with reduced radiation and contrast dose？[J]. Medicine (Baltimore), 2017, 96(23): e6973.
13	Lim CJin, Hong K, Lee JM, et al. Clinical usefulness of T1-weighted MR cholangiography with Gd-EOB-DTPA for the evaluation of biliary complication after liver transplantation[J]. Ann Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg, 2021, 25(1): 39-45.
14	Ono A, Arizono S, Kohno S, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of 3D breath-hold MR cholangiography using compressed sensing acceleration in visualizing non-dilated biliary system in living donor liver transplantation donors[J]. Acta Radiol, 2019, 60(10): 1209-1215.
15	Larghi A, Tringali A, Rimbaş M, et al. Endoscopic management of benign biliary strictures after liver transplantation[J]. Liver Transpl, 2019, 25(2): 323-335.
16	Arslan MFatih, Haliloǧlu N, Erden A. MR cholangiopancreatography findings of biliary tract complications after liver transplantation[J]. Turk J Med Sci, 2018, 48(5): 1006-1012.
17	Zhao JZ, Qiao LL, Du ZQ, et al. T-tube vs no T-tube for biliary tract reconstruction in adult orthotopic liver transplantation: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. World J Gastroenterol, 2021, 27(14): 1507-1523.
18	Choi HJ, Moon JH, Lee YN. Advanced imaging technology in biliary tract diseases: narrow-band imaging of the bile duct[J]. Clin Endosc, 2015, 48(6): 498-502.
19	Thompson CM, Saad NE, Quazi RR, et al. Management of iatrogenic bile duct injuries: role of the interventional radiologist[J]. Radiographics, 2013, 33(1): 117-134.
20	Verdonk RC, Buis CI, Porte RJ, et al. Biliary complications after liver transplantation: a review[J]. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl, 2006, 243: 89-101.
21	Grommes C, DeAngelis LM. Primary CNS lymphoma[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2017, 35(21): 2410-2418.
22	Lisotti A, Fusaroli P, Caletti G. Role of endoscopy in the conservative management of biliary complications after deceased donor liver transplantation[J]. World J Hepatol, 2015, 7(30): 2927-2932.
23	Garg B, Rastogi R, Gupta S, et al. Evaluation of biliary complications on magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography and comparison with direct cholangiography after living-donor liver transplantation[J]. Clin Radiol, 2017, 72(6): 518.e9- 518.e15.
24	Popov MV, Voskanyan SE, Dunaev AP, et al. Biliary anastomotic strictures after liver transplantation[J]. Saratovskij Naučno-medicinskij Žurnal, 2019, 15(2): 296-301.
25	Heinemann M, Tafrishi B, Pischke S, et al. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography and percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage in biliary strictures after liver transplantation: Long-term outcome predictors and influence on patient survival[J]. Liver Int, 2019, 39(6): 1155-1164.
26	Harputluoglu M, Demirel U, Caliskan AR, et al. Endoscopic treatment of biliary complications after duct-to-duct biliary anastomosis in pediatric liver transplantation[J]. Langenbecks Arch Surg, 2019, 404(7): 875-883.
27	Sendino O, Fernández-Simon A, Law R, et al. Endoscopic management of bile leaks after liver transplantation: An analysis of two high-volume transplant centers[J]. United European Gastroenterol J, 2018, 6(1): 89-96.
28	Schneider W, Bortfeld T, Schlegel W. Correlation between CT numbers and tissue parameters needed for Monte Carlo simulations of clinical dose distributions[J]. Phys Med Biol, 2000, 45(2): 459-478.
29	曾婕，任杰，郑荣琴，等. 超声检测肝门部胆管在鉴别肝移植术后胆道狭窄类型中的价值[J]. 中华超声影像学杂志，2012, 21(5): 394-396.
30	García-Cano J. Endoscopic management of benign biliary strictures[J]. Curr Gastroenterol Rep, 2013, 15(8): 336.
31	Zhang YC, Qu EZ, Ren J, et al. New diagnosis and therapy model for ischemic-type biliary lesions following liver transplantation-a retrospective cohort study[J]. PLoS One, 2014, 9(9): e105795.
32	Ren J, Zheng BW, Wang P, et al. Revealing impaired blood supply to the bile ducts on contrast-enhanced ultrasound: a novel diagnosis method to ischemic-type biliary lesions after orthotropic liver transplantation[J]. Ultrasound Med Biol, 2013, 39(5): 753-760.
33	Luyao Z, Xiaoyan X, Huixiong X, et al. Percutaneous ultrasound-guided cholangiography using microbubbles to evaluate the dilated biliary tract: initial experience[J]. Eur Radiol, 2012, 22(2): 371-378.
34	Ren J, Lu MD, Zheng RQ, et al. Evaluation of the microcirculatory disturbance of biliary ischemia after liver transplantation with contrast-enhanced ultrasound: preliminary experience[J]. Liver Transpl, 2009, 15(12): 1703-1708.
35	丁蕾，张振，刘福全. 实时超声弹性成像技术对原位肝移植患者术后缺血型胆道病变临床评估价值分析[J]. 实用肝脏病杂志，2018, 21(6): 963-966.
36	Boraschi P, Donati F, Pacciardi F, et al. Biliary complications after liver transplantation: Assessment with MR cholangiopancreatography and MR imaging at 3T device[J]. Eur J Radiol, 2018, 106: 46-55.
37	Zhu XD, Shen ZY, Chen XG, et al. Pathotyping and clinical manifestations of biliary cast syndrome in patients after an orthotopic liver transplant[J]. Exp Clin Transplant, 2013, 11(2): 142-149.
38	Giesbrandt KJ, Bulatao IG, Keaveny AP, et al. Radiologic characterization of ischemic cholangiopathy in donation-after-cardiac-death liver transplants and correlation with clinical outcomes[J]. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 2015, 205(5): 976-984.
39	Seehofer D, Eurich D, Veltzke-Schlieker W, et al. Biliary complications after liver transplantation: old problems and new challenges[J]. Am J Transplant, 2013, 13(2): 253-265.
40	Landi F, de′Angelis N, Sepulveda A, et al. Endoscopic treatment of anastomotic biliary stricture after adult deceased donor liver transplantation with multiple plastic stents versus self-expandable metal stents: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Transpl Int, 2018, 31(2): 131-151.

[1]	Qi Lyu, Pinjing Hui, Yafang Ding, Yanhong Yan. Carotid contrast-enhanced ultrasound assessment of plaque vulnerability and its correlation with ischemic stroke [J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2023, 20(10): 1040-1045.
[2]	Lei Ding, Wen Luo, Xiao Yang, Lina Pang, Peidi Zhang, Haijing Liu, Jiani Yuan, Jin Liu. Application of high-frame-rate contrast-enhanced ultrasound in evaluation of imaging features of C-TIRADS 4-5 thyroid nodules [J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2023, 20(09): 887-894.
[3]	Qian Zhang, Jiahui Chen, Xuemeng Gao, Aoxue Zhao, Ying Huang. Value of radiomics features based on high-frame-rate contrast-enhanced ultrasound in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules [J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2023, 20(09): 895-903.
[4]	Lianhua Zhu, Xiang Fei, Peng Han, Bo Jiang, Nan Li, Yukun Luo. Value of high frame rate contrast-enhanced ultrasound in differential diagnosis of gallbladder polyp lesions [J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2023, 20(09): 904-910.
[5]	Miao Li, Lianhua Zhu, Peng Han, Bo Jiang, Xiang Fei. Evaluation of relationsip between vascular morphology and risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma by high-frame-rate contrast-enhanced ultrasound [J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2023, 20(09): 911-915.
[6]	Weiping Zhang, Jingling Wang, Zhixing Liu, Li Chen, Fangqun Chen. Characteristics of time-intensity curve of high-frame-rate contrast-enhanced ultrasound in clear cell renal cell carcinoma [J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2023, 20(09): 916-922.
[7]	Jianmin Ding, Zhengyi Qin, Xiang Zhang, Yan Zhou, Hongyu Zhou, Yandong Wang, Xiang Jing. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound versus gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for LI-RADS classification of focal liver lesions ≤3 cm in patients at high risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: a prospective study [J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2023, 20(09): 930-938.
[8]	Dan Han, Ting Wang, Huan Xiao, Lirong Zhu, Jingyu Chen, Yi Tang. Diagnostic value of contrast enhanced ultrasound versus contrast enhanced computed tomography in benign and malignant liver lesions in children [J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2023, 20(09): 939-944.
[9]	Tingting Liu, Yanbing Lin, Shan Wang, Murong Chen, Zijian Tang, Dongling Dai, Bei Xia. Evaluation of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in children by ultrasound-guided attenuation parameter [J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2023, 20(08): 787-794.
[10]	Yanbo Ma, Yang Hua, Guimei Liu, Xiufeng Meng, Liping Cui. Risk factors for carotid atherosclerotic lesions in middle adults [J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2023, 20(08): 822-826.
[11]	Hua Shao, Ziyue Na, Hui Jing, Bo Li, Qiucheng Wang, Wen Cheng. Value of preoperative percutaneous contrast-enhanced ultrasound in diagnosis of axillary sentinel lymph node metastasis and burden in breast cancer [J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2023, 20(08): 849-853.
[12]	Xu Zhang, Jianping Xu, Dongming Su, Caifen Wang, Dali Wang, Wenzhi Zhang. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound features of male breast masses [J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2023, 20(08): 854-859.
[13]	Xining Wu, Peipei Zhang, Zhenhong Qi, Jing Zhang, Ruina Zhao, Hua Meng, Jianchu Li. Quality of ultrasonic diagnosis of retroperitoneal schwannomas and its influencing factors [J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2023, 20(07): 701-704.
[14]	bing Feng, Qiuguo Zou, Zhenbo Liang, Yanming Lu, Yi Zeng, Shumiao Wu. Clinical study of ultrasonic signs and molecular biological indicators of senile non-specific invasive breast cancer [J]. Chinese Journal of Operative Procedures of General Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2024, 18(01): 48-51.
[15]	Wenyi Zhao, Bingzi Zou, Guanhui Cai, Yongzhi Liu, Hong Wen. Application of ultrasound strain elastography combined with MRI-DWI guided targeted puncture in diagnosis of prostate lesions [J]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2023, 17(9): 988-994.

Please choose a citation manager

Content to export