Partial heart transplantation (PHT) refers to the procedure where fresh aortic or pulmonary valve as well as the associated root are procured from the donor heart and transplanted into children with congenital heart valve diseases. It is also known as allogeneic " living valve" transplantation or replacement. Compared with traditional mechanical or biological valves, the advantage of PHT lies in the fact that the transplanted valve tissue has the potential for growth and can grow synchronously with the development of the children. Moreover, the durability of the valve is good, and there is rarely any valve functional failure, thereby avoiding the risk of multiple surgical replacements required as the children grows. Although immunosuppressive treatment is still necessary after the operation, the required drug dosage is significantly lower than that of full heart transplantation, and the treatment time may be shorter, which helps children safely pass through critical growth periods. In recent years, the clinical feasibility, safety, and effectiveness of PHT have been gradually verified, bringing a paradigm shift to surgical treatment of congenital heart valve diseases. This article aims to systematically review the current clinical research progress in the field of PHT, including its surgical indications, techniques, efficacy and challenges.