肝移植是终末期肝病及部分肝脏恶性肿瘤患者的重要治疗手段。肌少症是一种以肌肉量减少、肌力下降和体能受损为特征的骨骼肌疾病。在肝移植等待者及受者中，肌少症受终末期肝病消耗、营养不良、手术应激、免疫抑制治疗和术后代谢重建等因素影响，是围手术期并发症、再入院和长期康复质量下降的重要危险因素。对肝移植肌少症进行规范评估、分层管理和多模态干预，有助于识别高危受者，并为围手术期康复管理提供依据。数字康复平台可补充门诊活动情况和训练执行信息，为连续随访和功能监测提供辅助。本文围绕肝移植肌少症动态演变、临床评估和干预策略进行综述，重点阐述肌力、肌肉量和体能表现三维评估体系，营养支持、运动康复和药物辅助治疗的应用，并讨论数字康复平台在连续随访、功能监测和康复方案调整中的辅助价值和证据边界。

Liver transplantation serves as a vital therapeutic modality for patients with end-stage liver disease and certain hepatic malignancies. Sarcopenia is a skeletal muscle disorder characterized by reduced muscle mass, diminished muscle strength, and impaired physical performance. In liver transplant candidates and recipients, sarcopenia is influenced by factors such as the catabolic effects of end-stage liver disease, malnutrition, surgical stress, immunosuppressive therapy, and postoperative metabolic reconstruction. Consequently, it constitutes a significant risk factor for perioperative complications, hospital readmissions, and compromised long-term rehabilitation outcomes. Standardized assessment, stratified management, and multimodal interventions for sarcopenia in the context of liver transplantation facilitate the identification of high-risk recipients and provide a foundation for perioperative rehabilitation management. Digital rehabilitation platforms can complement outpatient care by capturing data on physical activity and exercise adherence, thereby providing valuable support for continuous follow-up and functional monitoring. This article reviews the dynamic evolution, clinical assessment, and intervention strategies regarding sarcopenia in liver transplant recipients. It focuses specifically on the tripartite assessment framework-encompassing muscle strength, muscle mass, and physical performance-as well as the application of nutritional support, exercise rehabilitation, and pharmacologic adjuncts. Additionally, the article discusses the supportive value of digital rehabilitation platforms in continuous follow-up, functional monitoring, and the adjustment of rehabilitation regimens, while also delineating the current boundaries of the supporting evidence.