Chinese expert consensus on the clinical management of hematological adverse events associated with chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy (2022 edition)

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-3903.2022.01.002

Abstract

Key words: Chimeric antigen receptor T cell, Hematological adverse events, Clinical management

Group of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Hematological Oncology Committee of China Anti-Cancer Association. Chinese expert consensus on the clinical management of hematological adverse events associated with chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy (2022 edition)[J]. Chinese Journal of Transplantation(Electronic Edition), 2022, 16(01): 13-19.

/ / Recommend

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: https://zhyzzz.cma-cmc.com.cn/EN/10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-3903.2022.01.002

https://zhyzzz.cma-cmc.com.cn/EN/Y2022/V16/I01/13

Figures/Tables 2

References 81

1	June CH, Sadelain M. Chimeric antigen receptor therapy[J]. N Engl J Med, 2018, 379(1)：64-73.
2	Wang L, Tan Su Yin E, Zhao H, et al. CAR-T cells: the Chinese experience[J]. Expert Opin Biol Ther, 2020, 20(11)：1293-1308.
3	Wei J, Guo Y, Wang Y, et al. Clinical development of CAR T cell therapy in China: 2020 update[J]. Cell Mol Immunol, 2021, 18(4)：792-804.
4	Park JH, Rivière I, Gonen M, et al. Long-term follow-up of CD19 CAR therapy in acute lymphoblastic leukemia[J]. N Engl J Med, 2018, 378(5)：449-459.
5	Hu Y, Wu Z, Luo Y, et al. Potent anti-leukemia activities of chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells against CD19 in Chinese patients with relapsed/refractory acute lymphocytic leukemia[J]. Clin Cancer Res, 2017, 23(13)：3297-3306.
6	Cao J, Wang G, Cheng H, et al. Potent anti-leukemia activities of humanized CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells in patients with relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia[J]. Am J Hematol, 2018, 93(7)：851-858.
7	Pan J, Niu Q, Deng B, et al. CD22 CAR T-cell therapy in refractory or relapsed B acute lymphoblastic leukemia[J]. Leukemia, 2019, 33(12)：2854-2866.
8	Hu Y, Zhou Y, Zhang M, et al. CRISPR/Cas9-engineered universal CD19/CD22 dual-targeted CAR-T cell therapy for relapsed/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia[J]. Clin Cancer Res, 2021, 27(10)：2764-2772.
9	Jiang H, Li C, Yin P, et al. Anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor-modified T-cell therapy bridging to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for relapsed/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: an open-label pragmatic clinical trial[J]. Am J Hematol, 2019, 94(10)：1113-1122.
10	Chen YH, Zhang X, Cheng YF, et al. Long-term follow-up of CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation[J]. Cytotherapy, 2020, 22(12)：755-761.
11	Gu R, Liu F, Zou D, et al. Efficacy and safety of CD19 CAR T constructed with a new anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor in relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia[J]. J Hematol Oncol, 2020, 13(1)：122.
12	Pan J, Zuo S, Deng B, et al. Sequential CD19-22 CAR T therapy induces sustained remission in children with r/r B-ALL[J]. Blood, 2020, 135(5)：387-391.
13	Zhang X, Lu XA, Yang J, et al. Efficacy and safety of anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy in 110 patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia with high-risk features[J]. Blood Adv, 2020, 4(10)：2325-2338.
14	Chen W, Ma Y, Shen Z, et al. Humanized anti-CD19 CAR-T cell therapy and sequential allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation achieved long-term survival in refractory and relapsed B lymphocytic leukemia: a retrospective study of CAR-T cell therapy[J]. Front Immunol, 2021, 12：755549.
15	Liu S, Deng B, Yin Z, et al. Combination of CD19 and CD22 CAR-T cell therapy in relapsed B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia after allogeneic transplantation[J]. Am J Hematol, 2021, 96(6)：671-679.
16	Tan Y, Cai H, Li C, et al. A novel full-human CD22-CAR T cell therapy with potent activity against CD22^low B-ALL[J]. Blood Cancer J, 2021, 11(4)：71.
17	Wang S, Wang X, Ye C, et al. Humanized CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells for relapsed/refractory pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia[J]. Am J Hematol, 2021, 96(5)：E162-E165.
18	Locke FL, Ghobadi A, Jacobson CA, et al. Long-term safety and activity of axicabtagene ciloleucel in refractory large B-cell lymphoma (ZUMA-1): a single-arm, multicentre, phase 1-2 trial[J]. Lancet Oncol, 2019, 20(1)：31-42.
19	Tong C, Zhang Y, Liu Y, et al. Optimized tandem CD19/CD20 CAR-engineered T cells in refractory/relapsed B-cell lymphoma[J]. Blood, 2020, 136(14)：1632-1644.
20	Yan ZX, Li L, Wang W, et al. Clinical efficacy and tumor microenvironment influence in a dose-escalation study of anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells in refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin′s lymphoma[J]. Clin Cancer Res, 2019, 25(23)：6995-7003.
21	Sang W, Shi M, Yang J, et al. Phase II trial of co-administration of CD19- and CD20-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T cells for relapsed and refractory diffuse large B cell lymphoma[J]. Cancer Med, 2020, 9(16)：5827-5838.
22	Wei G, Zhang Y, Zhao H, et al. CD19/CD22 dual-targeted CAR T-cell therapy for relapsed/refractory aggressive B-cell lymphoma: a safety and efficacy study[J]. Cancer Immunol Res, 2021, 9(9)：1061-1070.
23	Zhang Y, Wang Y, Liu Y, et al. Long-term activity of tandem CD19/CD20 CAR therapy in refractory/relapsed B-cell lymphoma: a single-arm, phase 1-2 trial[J]. Leukemia, 2022, 36(1)：189-196.
24	Brudno JN, Maric I, Hartman SD, et al. T cells genetically modified to express an anti-B-cell maturation antigen chimeric antigen receptor cause remissions of poor-prognosis relapsed multiple myeloma[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2018, 36(22)：2267-2280.
25	Zhang M, Zhou L, Zhao H, et al. Risk factors associated with durable progression-free survival in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma treated with anti-BCMA CAR T-cell therapy[J]. Clin Cancer Res, 2021, 27(23)：6384-6392.
26	Zhao WH, Liu J, Wang BY, et al. A phase 1, open-label study of LCAR-B38M, a chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy directed against B cell maturation antigen, in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma[J]. J Hematol Oncol, 2018, 11(1)：141.
27	Cohen AD, Garfall AL, Stadtmauer EA, et al. B cell maturation antigen-specific CAR T cells are clinically active in multiple myeloma[J]. J Clin Invest, 2019, 129(6)：2210-2221.
28	Raje N, Berdeja J, Lin Y, et al. Anti-BCMA CAR T-cell therapy bb2121 in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma[J]. N Engl J Med, 2019, 380(18)：1726-1737.
29	Xu J, Chen LJ, Yang SS, et al. Exploratory trial of a biepitopic CAR T-targeting B cell maturation antigen in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2019, 116(19)：9543-9551.
30	Yan Z, Cao J, Cheng H, et al. A combination of humanised anti-CD19 and anti-BCMA CAR T cells in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: a single-arm, phase 2 trial[J]. Lancet Haematol, 2019, 6(10)：e521-e529.
31	Li C, Cao W, Que Y, et al. A phase I study of anti-BCMA CAR T cell therapy in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma and plasma cell leukemia[J]. Clin Transl Med, 2021, 11(3)：e346.
32	Mei H, Li C, Jiang H, et al. A bispecific CAR-T cell therapy targeting BCMA and CD38 in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma[J]. J Hematol Oncol, 2021, 14(1)：161.
33	Wang D, Wang J, Hu G, et al. A phase 1 study of a novel fully human BCMA-targeting CAR (CT103A) in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma[J]. Blood, 2021, 137(21)：2890-2901.
34	Mullard A. FDA approves first CAR T therapy[J]. Nat Rev Drug Discov, 2017, 16(10)：669.
35	FDA approves second CAR T-cell therapy[J]. Cancer Discov, 2018, 8(1)：5-6.
36	Hou JZ, Ye JC, Pu JJ, et al. Novel agents and regimens for hematological malignancies: recent updates from 2020 ASH annual meeting[J]. J Hematol Oncol, 2021, 14(1)：66.
37	Mullard A. FDA approves first BCMA-targeted CAR-T cell therapy[J]. Nat Rev Drug Discov, 2021, 20(5)：332.
38	Mullard A. FDA approves fourth CAR-T cell therapy[J]. Nat Rev Drug Discov, 2021, 20(3)：166.
39	Nagle SJ, Murphree C, Raess PW, et al. Prolonged hematologic toxicity following treatment with chimeric antigen receptor T cells in patients with hematologic malignancies[J]. Am J Hematol, 2021, 96(4)：455-461.
40	Wang L, Hong R, Zhou L, et al. New-onset severe cytopenia after CAR-T cell therapy: analysis of 76 patients with relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia[J]. Front Oncol, 2021, 11：702644.
41	Lee DW, Kochenderfer JN, Stetler-Stevenson M, et al. T cells expressing CD19 chimeric antigen receptors for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children and young adults: a phase 1 dose-escalation trial[J]. Lancet, 2015, 385(9967)：517-528.
42	Maude SL, Laetsch TW, Buechner J, et al. Tisagenlecleucel in children and young adults with B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia[J]. N Engl J Med, 2018, 378(5)：439-448.
43	Logue JM, Zucchetti E, Bachmeier CA, et al. Immune reconstitution and associated infections following axicabtagene ciloleucel in relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma[J]. Haematologica, 2021, 106(4)：978-986.
44	Fried S, Avigdor A, Bielorai B, et al. Early and late hematologic toxicity following CD19 CAR-T cells[J]. Bone Marrow Transplant, 2019, 54(10)：1643-1650.
45	Liu Y, Liang B, Liu Y, et al. Cytokine release syndrome is an independent risk factor associated with platelet transfusion refractoriness after CAR-T therapy for relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia[J]. Front Pharmacol, 2021, 12：702152.
46	Wat J, Barmettler S. Hypogammaglobulinemia after chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy: characteristics, management, and future directions[J]. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract, 2022, 10(2)：460-466.
47	Wang Y, Li C, Xia J, et al. Humoral immune reconstitution after anti-BCMA CAR T-cell therapy in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma[J]. Blood Adv, 2021, 5(23)：5290-5299.
48	Pan J, Tan Y, Wang G, et al. Donor-derived CD7 chimeric antigen receptor T cells for T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: first-in-human, phase I trial[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2021, 39(30)：3340-3351.
49	Kim MY, Yu KR, Kenderian SS, et al. Genetic inactivation of CD33 in hematopoietic stem cells to enable CAR T cell immunotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia[J]. Cell, 2018, 173(6)：1439-1453.e19.
50	Gill S, Tasian SK, Ruella M, et al. Preclinical targeting of human acute myeloid leukemia and myeloablation using chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells[J]. Blood, 2014, 123(15)：2343-2354.
51	Shao M, Yu Q, Teng X, et al. CRS-related coagulopathy in BCMA targeted CAR-T therapy: a retrospective analysis in a phase I/II clinical trial[J]. Bone Marrow Transplant, 2021, 56(7)：1642-1650.
52	Wang Y, Qi K, Cheng H, et al. Coagulation disorders after chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy: analysis of 100 patients with relapsed and refractory hematologic malignancies[J]. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant, 2020, 26(5)：865-875.
53	U．S. Food and Drug Administration. YESCARTA®(axicabtagene ciloleucel) suspension for intravenous infusion[EB/OL]. [2021-11-07]. URL
54	U．S. Food and Drug Administration. KYMRIAH®(tisagenlecleucel) suspension for intravenous infusion[EB/OL]. [2021-11-07]. URL
55	U．S. Food and Drug Administration. BREYANZI®(lisocabtagene maraleucel) suspension for intravenous infusion[EB/OL]. [2021-11-07]. URL
56	U．S. Food and Drug Administration. ABECMA®(idecabtagene vicleucel) suspension for intravenous infusion[EB/OL]. [2021-11-07]. URL
57	U．S. Food and Drug Administration. TECARTUS®(brexucabtagene autoleucel) suspension for intravenous infusion[EB/OL]. [2021-11-07]. URL
58	U．S. Food and Drug Administration. CARVYKTI™(ciltacabtagene autoleucel) suspension for intravenous infusion[EB/OL]. [2022-02-01]. URL
59	Benjamin R, Graham C, Yallop D, et al. Genome-edited, donor-derived allogeneic anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells in paediatric and adult B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: results of two phase 1 studies[J]. Lancet, 2020, 396(10266)：1885-1894.
60	Neelapu SS, Tummala S, Kebriaei P, et al. Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy - assessment and management of toxicities[J]. Nat Rev Clin Oncol, 2018, 15(1)：47-62.
61	Wei J, Liu Y, Wang C, et al. The model of cytokine release syndrome in CAR T-cell treatment for B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma[J]. Signal Transduct Target Ther, 2020, 5(1)：134.
62	Nie J, Yang L, Huang L, et al. Infection complications in febrile chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T recipients during the peri-CAR-T cell treatment period examined using metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS)[J]. Cancer Commun (Lond), 2022. [published online ahead of print]
63	Jain T, Knezevic A, Pennisi M, et al. Hematopoietic recovery in patients receiving chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for hematologic malignancies[J]. Blood Adv, 2020, 4(15)：3776-3787.
64	Rejeski K, Perez A, Sesques P, et al. CAR-HEMATOTOX: a model for CAR T-cell-related hematologic toxicity in relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma[J]. Blood, 2021, 138(24)：2499-2513.
65	Faude S, Wei J, Muralidharan K, et al. Absolute lymphocyte count proliferation kinetics after CAR T-cell infusion impact response and relapse[J]. Blood Adv, 2021, 5(8)：2128-2136.
66	Maude SL, Frey N, Shaw PA, et al. Chimeric antigen receptor T cells for sustained remissions in leukemia[J]. N Engl J Med, 2014, 371(16)：1507-1517.
67	Davila ML, Riviere I, Wang X, et al. Efficacy and toxicity management of 19-28z CAR T cell therapy in B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia[J]. Sci Transl Med, 2014, 6(224)：224ra25.
68	Schubert ML, Schmitt M, Wang L, et al. Side-effect management of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy[J]. Ann Oncol, 2021, 32(1)：34-48.
69	中华医学会内科学分会，王建祥，张奉春，等. 中国成人血小板减少症诊疗专家共识 [J]. 中华内科杂志， 2020, 59 (7): 498-510.
70	Bernardes M, Hohl TM. Fungal infections associated with the use of novel immunotherapeutic agents[J]. Curr Clin Microbiol Rep, 2020, 7(4)：142-149.
71	中华医学会血液学分会，中国医师协会血液科医师分会. 中国中性粒细胞缺乏伴发热患者抗菌药物临床应用指南(2020年版)[J]. 中华血液学杂志， 2020, 41(12): 969-978.
72	Elad S, Raber-Durlacher JE, Brennan MT, et al. Basic oral care for hematology-oncology patients and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients: a position paper from the joint task force of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer/International Society of Oral Oncology (MASCC/ISOO) and the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT)[J]. Support Care Cancer, 2015, 23(1)：223-236.
73	张佳思，阮潜瑛，符刚，等. 急性白血病患者CAR-T治疗的护理[J]. 护理学杂志， 2018, 33(1)：28-30.
74	糜坚青，蔡晓红，王少元，等. CD38单克隆抗体对输血相容性检测干扰及其应对方案的专家共识[J]. 中国输血杂志， 2021, 34(4)：8.
75	何吉. 血小板配型及相容性输注的专家共识[J]. 2021, 43(13)：1367-1371.
76	急性出血性凝血功能障碍诊治专家共识组. 急性出血性凝血功能障碍诊治专家共识[J]. 中华急诊医学杂志， 2020, 29(6)：780-787.
77	Gaut D, Tang K, Sim MS, et al. Filgrastim associations with CAR T-cell therapy[J]. Int J Cancer, 2021, 148(5)：1192-1196.
78	Santomasso BD, Nastoupil LJ, Adkins S, et al. Management of immune-related adverse events in patients treated with chimeric antigen receptor T-Cell therapy: ASCO guideline[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2021, 39(35)：3978-3992.
79	Hayden PJ, Roddie C, Bader P, et al. Management of adults and children receiving CAR T-cell therapy: 2021 best practice recommendations of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) and the Joint Accreditation Committee of ISCT and EBMT (JACIE) and the European Haematology Association (EHA)[J]. Ann Oncol, 2021.
80	Lin Q, Liu X, Han L, et al. Autologous hematopoietic stem cell infusion for sustained myelosuppression after BCMA-CAR-T therapy in patient with relapsed myeloma[J]. Bone Marrow Transplant, 2020, 55(6)：1203-1205.
81	Qasrawi A, Arora R, Ramlal R, et al. Allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for prolonged bone marrow aplasia after chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy for relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma[J]. Am J Hematol, 2020, 95(4)：E89-E91.

临床特点		YESCARTA®(axicabtagene ciloleucel) #	KYMRIAH®(tisagenlecleucel)^#	BREYANZI®(lisocabtagene maraleucel)^#	ABECMA®(idecabtagene vicleucel)^#	TECARTUS®(brexucabtagene autoleucel)^#	CARVYKTI™(ciltacabtagene autoleucel)
靶抗原位点		CD19	CD19	CD19	BCMA	CD19	BCMA
临床适应证		r/r LBCL	r/r ALL及LBCL	r/r LBCL	r/r MM	r/r MCL	r/r MM
血液学不良反应发生率
	白细胞减少(≥3级)	96%	77%	-	96%	95%	-
	中性粒细胞减少(≥3级)	93%	81%	76%	96%	95%	-
	淋巴细胞减少(≥3级)	100%	94%	-	92%	86%	-
	贫血(≥3级)	66%	58%	23%	63%	55%	-
	血小板减少(≥3级)	58%	54%	39%	63%	63%
	APTT延长(≥3级)	-	-	-	10%	-	-
	≥3级粒细胞减少延迟恢复^*	15%	25%	14%	37%	14%	30%
	≥3级贫血延迟恢复^*	3%	-	3%	17%	3%	-
	≥3级血小板减少延迟恢复^*	18%	40%	26%	38%	26%	41%

临床特点		YESCARTA®(axicabtagene ciloleucel) #	KYMRIAH®(tisagenlecleucel)^#	BREYANZI®(lisocabtagene maraleucel)^#	ABECMA®(idecabtagene vicleucel)^#	TECARTUS®(brexucabtagene autoleucel)^#	CARVYKTI™(ciltacabtagene autoleucel)
靶抗原位点		CD19	CD19	CD19	BCMA	CD19	BCMA
临床适应证		r/r LBCL	r/r ALL及LBCL	r/r LBCL	r/r MM	r/r MCL	r/r MM
血液学不良反应发生率
	白细胞减少(≥3级)	96%	77%	-	96%	95%	-
	中性粒细胞减少(≥3级)	93%	81%	76%	96%	95%	-
	淋巴细胞减少(≥3级)	100%	94%	-	92%	86%	-
	贫血(≥3级)	66%	58%	23%	63%	55%	-
	血小板减少(≥3级)	58%	54%	39%	63%	63%
	APTT延长(≥3级)	-	-	-	10%	-	-
	≥3级粒细胞减少延迟恢复^*	15%	25%	14%	37%	14%	30%
	≥3级贫血延迟恢复^*	3%	-	3%	17%	3%	-
	≥3级血小板减少延迟恢复^*	18%	40%	26%	38%	26%	41%

不良反应	1级	2级	3级	4级	5级
白细胞减少	3.0×10⁹/L~LLN	(2.0~3.0)×10⁹/L	(1.0~2.0)×10⁹/L	<1.0×10⁹/L	-
中性粒细胞减少	1.5×10⁹/L~LLN	(1.0~1.5)×10⁹/L	(0.5~1.0)×10⁹ /L	<0.5×10⁹/L	-
淋巴细胞减少	0.8×10⁹/L~LLN	(0.5~0.8)×10⁹ L	(0.2~0.5)×10⁹ /L	<0.2×10⁹/L	-
贫血	Hb 100 g/L~LLN	Hb 80~100 g/L	Hb<80 g/L；输血指征	危及生命；紧急干预指征	死亡
血小板减少	75.0×10⁹/L~LLN	(50.0~75.0)×10⁹/L	(25.0~50.0)×10⁹/L	<25.0×10⁹/L	-
INR升高	>1.2~1.5	>1.5~2.5	>2.5；出血	-	-
APTT延长	>1.0~1.5倍ULN	>1.5~2.5倍ULN	>2.5倍ULN；出血	-	-

不良反应	1级	2级	3级	4级	5级
白细胞减少	3.0×10⁹/L~LLN	(2.0~3.0)×10⁹/L	(1.0~2.0)×10⁹/L	<1.0×10⁹/L	-
中性粒细胞减少	1.5×10⁹/L~LLN	(1.0~1.5)×10⁹/L	(0.5~1.0)×10⁹ /L	<0.5×10⁹/L	-
淋巴细胞减少	0.8×10⁹/L~LLN	(0.5~0.8)×10⁹ L	(0.2~0.5)×10⁹ /L	<0.2×10⁹/L	-
贫血	Hb 100 g/L~LLN	Hb 80~100 g/L	Hb<80 g/L；输血指征	危及生命；紧急干预指征	死亡
血小板减少	75.0×10⁹/L~LLN	(50.0~75.0)×10⁹/L	(25.0~50.0)×10⁹/L	<25.0×10⁹/L	-
INR升高	>1.2~1.5	>1.5~2.5	>2.5；出血	-	-
APTT延长	>1.0~1.5倍ULN	>1.5~2.5倍ULN	>2.5倍ULN；出血	-	-

[1]	Xudong Gao, Hui Xia, Zheng Dong, Yinying Lu, Yingjie Zhuang, Zhiqiang Sun, Ningbo Zhan, Cunduo Jin, Huijuan Duan. Management pattern for Ebola treatment center in Sierra Leone [J]. Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Infectious Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2017, 11(02): 204-208.
[2]	Yu Chen, Liangshun You, Haitao Meng, Min Yang. New progress of chimeric antigen receptor T cells in the treatment of multiple myeloma [J]. Chinese Journal of Transplantation(Electronic Edition), 2023, 17(05): 313-320.
[3]	Jianrong Liu, Mingming Fan, Yu Guo. Analysis of clinical characteristics of organ donors at referral [J]. Chinese Journal of Transplantation(Electronic Edition), 2023, 17(03): 129-133.
[4]	Group of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Hematological Oncology Committee of China Anti-Cancer Association. Chinese expert consensus on the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy associated infections (2022 edition) [J]. Chinese Journal of Transplantation(Electronic Edition), 2022, 16(01): 20-26.
[5]	Wei Li, Le Zhou. Management of osteoporosis secondary to chronic kidney disease [J]. Chinese Journal of Kidney Disease Investigation(Electronic Edition), 2016, 05(01): 19-22.
[6]	Yani He, Lirong Lin. Diagnosis and treatment of lipoprotein glomerulopathy [J]. Chinese Journal of Kidney Disease Investigation(Electronic Edition), 2015, 04(05): 227-231.
[7]	Wei Li. Management of nutrition in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis [J]. Chinese Journal of Kidney Disease Investigation(Electronic Edition), 2015, 04(01): 14-18.
[8]	Ning Ma, Fuxin Tang, Hongyan Yu, Taicheng Zhou, Shuang. Chen. Clinical management strategy of patients with hiatal hernia under COVID-19 epidemic [J]. Chinese Journal of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(Electronic Edition), 2020, 07(02): 105-109.

Please choose a citation manager

Content to export

Chinese expert consensus on the clinical management of hematological adverse events associated with chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy (2022 edition)

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Cited

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 2

References 81

Related Articles 8

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

模态框（Modal）标题

Please choose a citation manager

Content to export

Chinese expert consensus on the clinical management of hematological adverse events associated with chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy (2022 edition)

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Cited

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 2

References 81

Related Articles 8

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments