近年来我国实体器官移植数量显著增长，而排斥反应是影响移植物功能及存活率的主要并发症。目前，长期采用免疫抑制剂进行维持治疗是预防排斥反应最有效的方法。然而，目前常用的免疫抑制剂如吗替麦考酚酯存在较多不良反应，导致部分受者无法耐受而被迫减量甚至停用，排斥反应风险增加进而导致移植物失功。咪唑立宾作为一种替代性免疫抑制剂，可同时抑制T淋巴细胞和B淋巴细胞的增殖及分化，且不良反应相对较少，还可降低移植术后细菌和病毒感染发生率，其预防排斥反应的有效性及安全性已在肾移植领域得到证实，在肝移植领域也有一些探索性研究证据。虽然咪唑立宾在肺移植领域的临床应用目前尚未见报道，但鉴于其在肝、肾和心脏移植领域的临床和基础研究数据，其在肺移植领域也可能具有类似的适应证及用药优势，值得临床关注并进一步研究。

In recent years, organ transplantation in our country has witnessed significant growth. However, rejection reactions remain the primary complications affecting graft function and survival rates. Long-term immunosuppressive therapy is the most effective method for preventing rejection reactions. Nevertheless, currently used immunosuppressive agents such as mycophenolate mofetil have notable side effects, leading to many patients being unable to tolerate these side effects, thereby necessitating dose reduction or discontinuation. This, in turn, increases the risk of rejection reactions, ultimately resulting in graft failure. Mizoribine is an immunosuppressant that can concurrently inhibit the proliferation and differentiation of both T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes, with relatively fewer side effects. In recent years, it has been widely employed in the maintenance immunosuppressive therapy following kidney, liver, and other organ transplantations. Although Mizoribine has not yet been applied in the lung transplantation, clinical research evidence from the liver and kidney transplantation present some indications for its application in the lung transplantation, which is worthy of clinical attention and further research.