器官捐献与移植是挽救终末期器官功能衰竭患者生命的关键医疗手段，其可持续发展离不开社会保障体系的有力支撑。基于文献梳理与实践经验，本文系统探讨我国社会保障体系在器官捐献与移植领域的重点举措，通过慈善救助、人道关怀、教育支持及移植优先等措施，保障家庭存续，激活捐献意愿，夯实捐献基础；依托人力资源保障、队伍建设与培训制度，提升捐献专业队伍的稳定性，提升协调效能；完善登记注册与分配共享政策、医疗保障制度，打通捐献关键节点，顺畅移植流程，促进公平可及；通过严格执业准入、医师培训与认证制度，规范执业行为，筑牢安全底线并提升医疗质量。社会保障体系的多维度介入，既保障了关键参与方的权益，也提升了系统整体效能，对实现器官捐献与移植事业的高质量、规范化和可持续发展具有核心推动作用。

Organ donation and transplantation serve as critical medical interventions for saving the lives of end-stage patients, and their sustainable development relies heavily on robust support from the social security system. Based on a review of literature and practical experience, this study systematically explores the mechanisms through which the social security system functions in the field of organ donation and transplantation. These mechanisms primarily include: alleviating the pressures on donors and their families through charitable assistance, humanitarian care, educational support, and transplant priority policies; enhancing the stability and capability of professional donation teams via human resource guarantees, team development, and training systems; improving registration, allocation, and sharing policies as well as medical security systems to reduce the economic and psychological burdens on transplant candidates; and standardizing medical practices while improving the quality of healthcare through stringent professional admission procedures, physician training, and certification systems. The multi-dimensional support provided by the social security system not only safeguards the rights and interests of key stakeholders but also enhances the overall efficiency of the system, playing a central role in promoting high-quality, standardized, and sustainable development in organ donation and transplantation.